Question

Account for the following :
(a) All Scandium salts are white.
(b) The Ist ionization energy of the 5d series are higher than 3d and 4d transition elements in respective groups.
(c) Ce⁺³ can be easily oxidized to Ce^+4.

Answer 1

(a) Sc has only + 3 oxidation state, there is no unpaired electron.
(b) Due to lanthanide contraction, effective nuclear charge increase.
(c) Due to gain noble gas electron conflguration.