Explain why NH3 is basic while BiH3 is only feebly basic.

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asked Dec 22, 2017 in Chemistry by sforrest072 (157,439 points) 61 410 940

Explain why NH3 is basic while BiH3 is only feebly basic.

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answered Dec 22, 2017 by mdsamim (213,225 points) 5 10 15
selected Dec 22, 2017 by sforrest072
 
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NH3 is distinctly basic while BiH3 is feebly basic. Nitrogen has a small size due to which the lone pair of electrons is concentrated in a small region. This means that the charge density per unit volume is high. On moving down a group, the size of the central atom increases and the charge gets distributed over a large area decreasing the electron density. Hence, the electron donating capacity of group 15 element hydrides decreases on moving down the group.

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