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Explain how does the −OH group attached to a carbon of benzene ring activate

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asked Dec 26, 2017 in Chemistry by sforrest072 (157,439 points) ● 61 ● 410 ● 949

Explain how does the −OH group attached to a carbon of benzene ring activate it towards
electrophilic substitution?

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answered Dec 26, 2017 by mdsamim (213,225 points) ● 5 ● 10 ● 15
selected Dec 26, 2017 by sforrest072
 
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The −OH group is an electron-donating group. Thus, it increases the electron density in the benzene ring as shown in the given resonance structure of phenol.

As a result, the benzene ring is activated towards electrophilic substitution.

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