Question

A storage battery of emf 8.0 V and internal resistance 0.5 Ω is being charged by a 120 V dc supply using a series resistor of 15.5 Ω. What is the terminal voltage of the battery during charging? What is the purpose of having a series resistor in the charging circuit?

Answer 1

Emf of the storage battery, E = 8.0 V
Internal resistance of the battery, r = 0.5 Ω
DC supply voltage, V = 120 V
Resistance of the resistor, R = 15.5 Ω
Effective voltage in the circuit = V¹
R is connected to the storage battery in series. Hence, it can be written as

Voltage across resistor R given by the product, IR = 7 × 15.5 = 108.5 V DC supply voltage = Terminal voltage of battery + Voltage drop across R 

Terminal voltage of battery = 120 − 108.5 = 11.5 V 

A series resistor in a charging circuit limits the current drawn from the external source. The current will be extremely high in its absence. This is very dangerous.