Elements of a Balanced diet: There are many nutrients in the food but these are mainly grouped into six classes namely carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals and water. The energy value of food is measured in heat units called calorie. The mixture that we require is 57% carbohydrates, 30% fats and 13% proteins. Carbohydrates; proteins and Fats to supply us energy. The energy yield per gram is as follows:
(i) Carbohydrate – 4 calories
(ii) Fat – 9 calories
(iii) Protein – 4 calories
Basic elements of our diet are:
(i) Carbohydrates: The main source of energy comes from carbohydrates.
(ii) Proteins: They provide essential growth and repair of muscles and other body tissues.
(iii) Fats: These are a source of energy which is important in relation to fat – soluble Vitamins.
(iv) Vitamins: These are required in our body in very small amount. They are required for various metabolic process. They are divided into two groups – fat soluble and water soluble vitamins.
(v) Minerals: These contain elements needed in our body in small quantities. These are essential for proper growth and functioning of our body.
(vi) Water: Water is essential to normal body function. It serves as a vehicle for carrying other nutrients.
