The new Republic of Vietnam faced a number of challenges :
(i) France tried to regain the control.
(ii) After 8 years of fighting, the French were defeated.
(iii) In the peace negotiations in Geneva, the Vietnamese were persuaded to accept the division of the country.
(iv) This turned Vietnam into a battlefield bringing death and destruction to its people and environment.
(v) With the help of Ho Chi Minh Government in North, the National Liberation Front fought for the unification of the country. U.S. watched these alliances with fear and decided to intervene.
