Let the distance between the ship and the enemy submarine be ‘S’.
Speed of sound in water = 1450 m/s
Time lag between transmission and reception of Sonar waves = 77 s
In this time lag, sound waves travel a distance which is twice the distance between the ship and the submarine (2S).
Time taken for the sound to reach the submarine = 1/2 x 77 = 38.5 s
Therefore, Distance between the ship and the submarine (S) = 1450 × 38.5 = 55825 m = 55.8 km