(i) Irrigation has changed the cropping pattern of many regions with farmers shifting to the cultivation of water-intensive and commercial crops.
(ii) This has great ecological consequences. It leads to water-logging and consequent salinization of the soil.
(iii) This is the negative effect of irrigation. As rich farmers have better access to irrigation, they have earned more money due to the production of commercial crops.
(iv) On the other hand, the landless poor who could not avail of its benefits has become poorer.
(v) Thus, irrigation has transformed the social landscape by increasing
