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What causes the temporary and permanent hardness of water?

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asked Oct 10, 2017 in Chemistry by jisu zahaan (28,760 points) ● 26 ● 374 ● 805

What causes the temporary and permanent hardness of water? 

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answered Oct 10, 2017 by sforrest072 (157,439 points) ● 60 ● 409 ● 933

Temporary hardness of water is due to the presence of soluble salts of magnesium and calcium in the form of hydrogen carbonates (MHCO3, where M = Mg, Ca) in water. Permanent hardness of water is because of the presence of soluble salts of calcium and magnesium in the form of chlorides in water. 

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