In the given , one cycle of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is shown

Question

In the given figure, one cycle of polymerase  chain reaction (PCR) is shown:

(a) Name the steps A, B and C.
(b) Give the purpose of each of these steps.
(c) State the contribution of Thermus aquaticus in this process.

Answer 1

A) Denaturation : Heat denatures DNA to separate complementary strands.
(B) Annealing : Primers hybridises to the denatured DNA strands.
(C) Thermus aquaticus. This enzyme induces denaturation of double
stranded DNA at high temperature.
(D) Extension : Extension of primers resulting in synthesis of copies of target
DNA sequence. Enzyme Tag polymerase is isolated from the bacterium.