(i) Hundreds and thousands of Indians and Chinese went to work on plantations, mines, railways, etc.
(ii) Indentured laborers were forced to sign contracts restricting travel to their homes for five years.
(iii) As a result, cottage industry declined and land rents rose. Land and forest were cleared for mines and plantations.
(iv) Increased indebtedness among poor became prevalent.
(v) Living and working conditions for the indentured labor was harsh and with few legal rights.
