(i) Red algae and brown algae
| Red algae |
Brown algae |
| 1. Red algae are grouped under the class Rhodophyceae. |
1. Brown algae are grouped under the class Phaeophyceae. |
| 2. They contain floridean starch as stored food. |
2. They contain mannitol or laminarin as stored food. |
| 3. They contain the photosynthetic pigments chlorophylls a and d, and phycoerythrin. |
3. They contain the photosynthetic pigments chlorophylls a and c, and fucoxanthin. |
| 4. Their cell walls are composed of cellulose, pectin, and phycocolloids. |
4. Their cell walls are composed of cellulose and algin. |
| 5. Flagella are absent |
5. Two flagella are present |
(ii) Liverworts and moss
|
Liverworts |
Moss |
|
1. |
They have unicellular rhizoids. |
1. |
They have multicellular rhizoids. |
|
2. |
Scales are present very often |
2. |
Scales are absent |
|
3. |
They are generally thalloid, with dichotomous branching. |
3. |
They are foliage, with lateral branching. |
|
4. |
Gemma cups are present |
4. |
Gemma cups are absent |
|
5. |
Sporophyte has very
photosynthetic tissue little |
5. |
Sporophyte has abundant
photosynthetic tissue |
(iii) Homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyte
|
Homosporous pteridophytes |
Heterosporous pteridophytes |
|
1. |
They bear spores that are of the same type. |
1. |
They bear two kinds of spores – microspores and megaspores. |
|
2. |
They produce bisexual gametophytes. |
2. |
They produce unisexual gametophytes. |
